In short, the solvent that can distinguish the acidity and alkalinity of two substances is called distinguishing solvent, otherwise it is called flattening solvent. The sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide mentioned in the title will be completely ionized when they are dissolved in water at the same time, which means that they are leveled by the solvent of water and show the same alkalinity. If ethanol or liquid ammonia is used as solvent, the alkalinity of the two can be distinguished.

為了方便理解，你可以認(rèn)為這里酸堿性的強(qiáng)弱指的是給出H+和OH-的能力，但是水接受這兩個(gè)離子的能力是有上限的，180斤和200斤的胖子站在只能量到150斤的秤上，是比較不出誰更重的。

In order to facilitate understanding, you can think that the strength of acidity and alkalinity here refers to the ability to give H + and oh -, but there is an upper limit to the ability of water to accept these two ions. A fat man of 180 kg and 200 kg can't compare who is heavier when standing on a scale with an energy of only 150 kg.

堿的堿性強(qiáng)弱與溶液的堿性強(qiáng)弱這兩個(gè)概念是不同的。應(yīng)該是堿的堿性強(qiáng)弱比較。堿的堿性強(qiáng)弱與堿的電離程度有關(guān)，對于氫氧化鈉和氫氧化鉀這兩種完全電離的強(qiáng)堿來說，由金屬活潑性來判斷，從這個(gè)角度，氫氧化鉀比氫氧化鈉的堿性強(qiáng)。而溶液的堿性強(qiáng)弱是由氫氧根離子濃度大小決定的，氫氧根離子濃度越大堿性越強(qiáng)，摩爾濃度相同的氫氧化鈉溶液與氫氧化鉀溶液的堿性是相同的。

The alkalinity of alkali is different from that of solution. It should be the alkalinity of alkali. The alkalinity of alkali is related to the ionization degree of alkali. For two fully ionized strong bases, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, it is judged by the metal activity. From this point of view, potassium hydroxide is more alkaline than sodium hydroxide. The alkalinity of the solution is determined by the concentration of hydroxyl ion. The greater the concentration of hydroxyl ion, the stronger the alkalinity. The alkalinity of sodium hydroxide solution with the same molar concentration is the same as that of potassium hydroxide solution.

氫氧化鉀和氫氧化鈉的區(qū)別

Difference between potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide

氫氧化鉀是以氯化鉀水溶液進(jìn)行電解，而氫氧化鈉則是以氯化鈉水溶液進(jìn)行電解，二者只是原料不同（一個(gè)是KCl,一個(gè)是NaCl),和產(chǎn)品不同（一個(gè)是KOH，一個(gè)是NaOH),相同的是都要經(jīng)過鹽水精制、電解等工序，且電解槽的結(jié)構(gòu)都基本一樣，當(dāng)然許多細(xì)節(jié)肯定有差異的。

Potassium hydroxide is electrolyzed with potassium chloride aqueous solution, while sodium hydroxide is electrolyzed with sodium chloride aqueous solution. They are only different in raw materials (one is KCl and the other is NaCl) and products (one is KOH and the other is NaOH). The same thing is that they all go through brine refining, electrolysis and other processes, and the structure of the electrolytic cell is basically the same. Of course, many details must be different.

氫氧化鉀的摩爾質(zhì)量大于氫氧化鈉的摩爾質(zhì)量；

The molar mass of potassium hydroxide is greater than that of sodium hydroxide;

當(dāng)兩者的物質(zhì)的量濃度相同時(shí)，溶液的堿性相同；

When the amount and concentration of the two substances are the same, the alkalinity of the solution is the same;

當(dāng)兩者的溶液質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)相同時(shí)，氫氧化鈉溶液的堿性大于氫氧化鉀的堿性；

When the mass fraction of both solutions is the same, the alkalinity of sodium hydroxide solution is greater than that of potassium hydroxide;

氫氧化鉀的大于氫氧化鈉，但配置相同堿性溶液時(shí)，需要?dú)溲趸浀牡馁|(zhì)量要大一些。

The price of potassium hydroxide is higher than that of sodium hydroxide, but when configuring the same alkaline solution, the quality of potassium hydroxide is higher.